The National Planning Commission (NPC) is the specialized and apex advisory body of the Government of Nepal for formulating a national vision, development policy, periodic plans and sectoral policies for overall development of the nation. It is headed by the Right Honorable Prime Minister. The NPC assesses resource needs, identifies sources of funding, and allocates budget for socio-economic development. It serves as a central agency for monitoring and evaluating development policy, plans and programs. The NPC also serves as an intellectual hub for the exchange of new development ideas and proposals from scholars, private sector, civil society, and development partners.

At present, the NPC has one full-time Vice-Chairman, six members, and one Member-Secretary who also heads a fully staffed secretariat. The Chief-Secretary and the Finance Secretary are ex-officio members of the Commission. The national statistical council is chaired by vice-Chairman of National Planning Commission.

The Commission consists of seven functional divisions each headed by a Joint-Secretary: i) Economic Management; ii) Infrastructure and Production; iii) Monitoring and Evaluation; iv) Research and Inter-Governmental Coordination v) Sustainable Development and International Relation, vi) Social Development and vii) Administration. Each division is further divided into Sections headed by an Under-Secretary.